According to systems engineering principles, each level in a system hierarchy should ideally have how many elements?

The correct answer is based on the established cognitive load theory, which suggests that the optimal number of elements that can be effectively processed by the human brain is around five to nine. This concept was popularized through the work of psychologist George A. Miller in the 1950s, known as "Miller's Law." In systems engineering, applying this principle to the hierarchy of system elements helps ensure that individuals can comprehend and manage the elements without experiencing cognitive overload.

By adhering to the range of seven plus or minus two elements, systems engineers can foster clear communication, ensure efficient management of components, and minimize the risk of errors that may arise from handling too many elements at once. This balance allows stakeholders to maintain a clear understanding of the system, enhancing collaborative work and decision-making processes.

It's important to realize that having too few elements may lead to oversimplification, while having too many can overwhelm users and hinder system performance. Thus, a recommended range of seven elements aligns well with how people process information, making it ideal for structuring system hierarchies.